Subhash Chandra Bose Biography - Birth date, Achievements, Career, Family, Awards

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose was born on 23 January 1897 in a Hindu Kayastha family in the city of Cuttack, Odisha. His father's name was Jankinath Bose and mother's name was Prabhavati. His father was a government lawyer and one of the city's famous lawyers. He worked for a long time in the monarchy of Cuttack and was also a member of the Bengal Legislative Assembly. He was the ninth of 14 children of his parents. He had six sisters and eight brothers.

In consensus of scholarly opinion, Subhash Chandra Bose died on 18 August 1945 in Japanese-ruled Formosa (now Taiwan) from a third-degree burn after his overloaded Japanese plane crashed. But his supporters did not believe him. After independence, the Government of India appointed the Commission twice in 1956 and 1977 to investigate this incident. Both times it was found that Netaji was killed in that plane crash. In 1999, a third commission was formed under the leadership of Manoj Kumar Mukherjee.

In 2005, the Taiwan government told the Mukherjee Commission that no airplane had crashed on Taiwan land in 1945. In 2005, the Mukherjee Commission submitted its report to the Government of India, stating that there was no evidence of Netaji's death in that plane crash. But the Government of India rejected the Mukherjee Commission report. Where Netaji went missing on August 18, 1945 and what happened next has become the biggest unanswered mystery in Indian history. According to one belief, the ashes of the advance fighter of Indian freedom struggle Subhash Chandra Bose are still preserved here. Actually, on 18 September 1945, his ashes were kept in this temple.

He was admitted to the Protestant European School (presently Stewart High School) in Cuttack in January 1902, like his brothers and sisters. He continued his studies in a collegiate school. After finishing second in the matriculation examination in 1913, he was admitted to the Presidency College, where he studied. He was influenced by the teachings of Swami Vivekananda and Ramakrishna after reading his works at the age of 16. He felt that his religion was more important than his studies.

In 1918 he joined the Scottish Church College at the University of Calcutta and from there received his B.A. Got the degree. Bose left India for Europe on 15 September 1919 and arrived in London on 20 October. He then promised his father to prepare and appear for the Indian Civil Service (ICS) exam, for which his father had provided Rs 10,000. In London, Bose read his application for the ICS by staying with his brother Satish, who was preparing for the exam.

Bose was eager to get admission in a college at the University of Cambridge. However, it was already the entry deadline. With the help of some of the Indian students there and Mr. Reddway, the censor of the Fitzilium Hall, a body run by the university's non-collegiate student board to provide university education at an affordable cost without formal admission to a college, In which Bose entered the university register on 19 November 1919. He came fourth in the ICS exam and was selected, but did not want to work under a foreign government which meant serving the British. When he resigned from the Indian Civil Service in 1921, he wrote to his elder brother Sharat Chandra Bose: "Only on the land of sacrifice and suffering can we increase our national pride."

He resigned from his civil service job on 23 April 1921 and returned to India. Shaped from England, he started the newspaper Swaraj and took over the promotion of the Bengal Provincial Congress Committee. His mentor was Chittaranjan Das, a spokesman for aggressive nationalism in Bengal. In the year 1923, Bose was elected President of All India Youth Congress and also Secretary of Bengal State Congress. He was also the editor of the newspaper "Forward" founded by Chittaranjan Das. Bose served as the CEO of the Calcutta Municipal Corporation when Das was elected mayor of Calcutta in 1924. In a roundup of nationalists in 1925, Bose was arrested and sent to prison in Mandalay, where he contracted tuberculosis.

In 1927, after his release from prison, Bose became General Secretary of the Congress Party and worked for independence with Jawaharlal Nehru. In late December 1928, Bose held an annual meeting of the Indian National Congress in Calcutta. Shortly afterward he was arrested again and jailed for civil disobedience, this time becoming the Mayor of Calcutta in 1930. By 1938, Bose became a leader of national stature and agreed to accept the nomination as Congress President. He appeared on a stretcher at the Congress meeting in 1939. He was re-elected president over Gandhi's favorite candidate Pattabhi Sitaramayya. On 22 June 1939, Bose organized a faction within the All India Forward Bloc within the Indian National Congress, which was intended to strengthen the political left. In July 1943, Subhash Chandra Bose reached Singapore under Japanese control from Germany by submarine. There he gave the famous slogan of "Delhi Chalo".

Subhash Chandra Bose was the first to call Gandhiji the Father of the Nation. On October 21, 1943, Subhash Bose, as the supreme commander of the Azad Hind Fauj, formed a temporary government of independent India.

His most famous quote was "Give me blood and I will give you freedom". Another famous quote was Dili Chalo ("On Delhi)!" This was the phone that the INA armies gave to inspire them. Jai Hind, or, "Jai of India!" There was another slogan used by him and later adopted by the Government of India and the Indian Armed Forces. Another slogan coined by him was "Ittehad, Etmad, Qurbani" (Urdu for "unity, agreement, sacrifice"). INA also used the slogan Inklab Zindabad, coined by Maulana Hasrat Mohani.

Subhash Chandra Bose was featured on stamps in India from 1964, 1993, 1997, 2001, 2016 and 2018. Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport in Kolkata, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Island, formerly Ross Island and several other institutions in India were named after him. On 23 August 2007, the Japanese Prime Minister, Shinzo Abe, visited the Subhash Chandra Bose Memorial Hall in Kolkata. Abe told Bose's family, "The Japanese have been greatly influenced by Bose's strong will to lead the Indian independence movement from British rule. Netaji is a highly respected name in Japan.