Nobel Awards Winners List 2016

List of Nobel Prize winners for the year 2016:

The Nobel Foundation in the first week of October 2016 announced the Nobel Prizes in various categories for the year 2016. All winners will be honored in Sweden on December 10, the death anniversary of Alfred Nobel. The Nobel Prize was established by Alfred Nobel in the year 1895. Initially the Nobel Prize in Economics was not involved in this. It was announced by the Central Bank of Sweden in 1968. 8 million Swedish kronor (about six crore rupees) is given to the Nobel laureate as prize money.

Nobel Prize categories given in various fields for the year 2016:

1.Nobel Prize in Economics The names of British-born economist Oliver Hart and Finland's Bengt Homström were announced for the Nobel Prize in Economics for the year 2016. Both the economists were awarded this prize for their theories related to contract help. Sweden's Noble Royal Academy said in the citation that his work on understanding real-life contracts and institutions, as well as potential mistakes in making contracts, was important, so he was selected for the award.

2.Nobel Prize in Chemistry This year's Nobel Prize in Chemistry will be awarded to Jean-Pierre Chavez of France, J. Fraser Stoddart of Britain and Bernard Feringa of the Netherlands. All three scientists were selected for this award for the invention of molecular machines and taking nanotechnology to a new level. These three scientists will jointly share the prize money of $ 9.33 lakh (about Rs 6.21 crore).

The three scientists succeeded in developing molecules with controllable speeds that are capable of accomplishing the goal of transmitting energy. Due to this discovery of scientists, experiments were done in the direction of making molecular machines many times smaller than ordinary machines. Sensors, energy storage and energy shaping will get a new direction by these molecular machines.

3.Nobel Prize in Physics David Tholuz, Dankan Heldon and Michael Kosterlitz were selected for the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was given this award for his research on the states of matter and matter. David J. Tholuz is a professor at the University of Washington. F Duncan M Heldon is Professor of Physics at Princeton University, USA. J. Michael Kosterlitz is a professor of physics at Brown University. The three will jointly share the prize of 8 million Swedish kronor.

All three winners used topological concepts for discoveries in physics. In the early 1970s Michael Kosterlitz and David Tholuz changed the concept that superconductivity does not occur in thin layers. The discoveries being made by these scientists are still at the stage of research, but in future their discovery can be used in materials science. If his discovery is successful, then in the future even smaller computers and phones can be made than the present. The discovery of these three scientists is related to the designing stage of the elements.

4.Nobel Peace Prize South American country Colombia's President Juan Manuel Santos has been selected for the 2016 Nobel Peace Prize. According to the Nobel Committee, he has been awarded for his efforts to end the 50-year civil war in his country. Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos and FARC leaders reached an agreement after nearly four years of talks. However, a peace deal with leftist rebel fighters in Colombia was rejected in a referendum. Many Colombians say that the peace deal was lenient about the Fark.

5.Nobel Prize in Medicine 71-year-old Japanese scientist Yoshinori Osumi was awarded the 2016 Nobel Prize in Medicine. He succeeded in rebuilding the destroyed cells. The Nobel Prize Distribution Committee in Sweden announced his name and praised him for his brilliant experiments. Medicines can be made by this process for diseases like infections, tumors, cancer, Parkinson's, diabetes.

6.Nobel Prize for Literature American poet and singerBob Dylan has been selected for the Nobel Prize in Literature. Sweden's Nobel Academy said on Thursday that it has been awarded the prize for creating new expressions of poetry in the American song tradition. Under this award, he will get an amount of about 6 crores 21 lakhs ($ 927740).