What is Nobel Prize?

The Nobel Prize is considered one of the biggest awards in the world and this award is given to the best people of the world. The Nobel Prize began in the year 1901 and was named after Alfred Nobel. Alfred Nobel was a resident of Sweden. He invented dynamite. Nobel Prizes are given for outstanding work in the fields of physics, chemistry, medical science, literature and peace. India is called Vishwaguru and Indians have left their indelible mark all over the world.

Many Indians have been awarded the Nobel Prize for their outstanding work. Kailash Satyarthi is the last Indian person to be awarded the Nobel Prize in the year 2014 for protecting child rights and fighting against child labor. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize jointly with Malala Yousafzai of Pakistan. So let's know which two Indian people have been awarded the Nobel Prize so far:-

List of Indian persons who have been awarded Nobel Prize:

  • Rabindranath Tagore (1913): The great poet and writer Guru Rabindranath Tagore was the first person from Asia and India to receive the Nobel Prize. Rabindranath Tagore was awarded the Nobel Prize in the year 1913 for his poetry book 'Gitanjali' in the field of literature. Rabindranath Tagore started writing poems at the age of eight. He was a person who wrote the national anthem for two countries, India and Bangladesh. 'Gitanjali' and 'Sadhana' are his important works.
  • Sir Chandrasekhar Venkataraman (1930): The great scientist Sir Chandrasekhar Venkataraman was awarded the Nobel Prize in the year 1930 for his important work in the field of physics. Dr. Raman discovered in his research that when light passes through a transparent medium, its wavelength (wave length) changes. This was known as the Raman Effect.
  • Amartya Sen (1998): Amartya Sen was awarded the Nobel Prize in the year 1998 for his contribution to economics. He gave his theory for arranging food in famine. He was the first Indian to get the Nobel Prize in Economics. In the last forty years, his books have been published in more than thirty languages.
  • Mother Teresa (1979): The engrossed Albinian-born Indian Mother Teresa was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979 for her 45 years of service to the poor, helpless and patients. Mother Teresa set an example of service to the society by serving the destitute, orphans and patients in India, due to which she got the Nobel for World Peace.
  • Hargobind Khurana (1968): Dr. Hargobind Khurana, an American citizen of Indian origin, was awarded the Nobel Prize in the year 1968 for his research in medicine for interpreting the genetic code (DNA). Khurana worked in the field of medicine with Marshall, Nirenberg and Robert Holle. He also received the Horwitz Prize from Columbia University in 1968.
  • Subrahmanyam Chandrasekhar (1983): Dr. Subrahmanyam Chandrasekhar was awarded the Nobel Prize in the year 1983 for his significant contribution in the field of physics. Dr. Chandrashekhar was an American citizen of Indian origin as well as a noted astrophysicist. His theory revealed many mysteries about the origin of the universe.
  • Venkataraman Ramakrishna (2009): American citizen of Indian origin, Venkataraman Ramakrishna was awarded the prize in the field of chemistry in the year 2009 for his important work in the field of medical science. Venkataraman Ramakrishna was awarded the Nobel for Chemistry jointly with Israeli women scientist Ada Yonoth and Thomas Stees of America. The three Nobel Laureates used 3D technology to explain how ribosomes react with different chemicals.
  • Kailash Satyarthi (2014): In the year 2014, Kailash Satyarthi has been awarded the Nobel Prize for protecting child rights and fighting against child labor. He founded the Bachpan Bachao Andolan and worked to protect the rights of thousands of children around the world. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize jointly with Malala Yousafzai of Pakistan.
  • Abhijit Banerjee (2019): Abhijit Vinayak Banerjee is an Indian-American economist who is currently the Ford Foundation Professor of International Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Banerjee has been awarded the 2019 Nobel Prize in Economics this year "for her experimental approach to alleviating global poverty." Banerjee Abdul Latif Jameel, co-founder of the Poverty Action Lab (along with economists Esther Duflo and Senthil Mullainathan). He is a member of the Innovation for Poverty Action, and the Consortium on Financial Systems and Poverty. For your information, let us tell you that Abhijit Banerjee along with his wife Esther Duflo is the sixth married couple to jointly win the Nobel Prize in Economics.

Important facts about Nobel Prize:

  • Earlier Nobel Prizes were given for work in five subjects. The Prize for Economics was instituted by the Sveriges Riks Bank, a Swedish bank in 1967 to commemorate its 300th anniversary, and was awarded for the first time in 1969. It is also called the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics.
  • The prize committee and selectors announce the Nobel Prize winners in October each year, but the prizes are distributed on 10 December, the death anniversary of Alfred Nobel.
  • Each award can be awarded to a maximum of three persons in a year. Each of these winners is given a gold medal, diploma, extension to Swedish citizenship and money.
  • An amount of 90 lakh Swedish kronor (about Rs 7.25 crore) is awarded along with a citation in the form of Nobel Prize.
  • If there are two winners in a prize, the money is divided equally between the two.
  • If the number of awardees is three, then the selection committee has the right to divide the amount equally among three or give half to one and the remaining money equally to the other two.
  • So far only two dead persons have been given this award. The first time was given to Arixel Karlfeldt in 1931 and the second time to the Secretary-General of the
  • United Nations, Dag Damersold in 1961.
    In 1974, it was made a rule that no one would be given the Nobel Prize posthumously.
  • Prize distribution was started from 1901. From the year 1969, this award was also given in the field of economics.
  • From the year 1937 to 1948, Mahatma Gandhi was nominated for the Peace Prize five times, but he was not selected for this award even once.

Now practice related questions and see what you learnt?

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Nobel Prize FAQs:

Former US President Jimmy Carter received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2002. He was honored with this award for the CVS anti-divisiveness and for his peaceful efforts.

This prize is awarded every year by the Nobel Foundation for outstanding contributions to peace, literature, physics, chemistry, medical science and economics with the interest of the same amount deposited in a Swedish bank.

In 1988, the United Nations was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peacekeeping. This award was first given to Henry Dunant in the year 1901.

The first Indian Nobel laureate was Rabindranath Tagore. Apart from this, he was also the first Nobel Prize winner of Asia. He was the only poet whose two compositions became the national anthem of two countries - India's national anthem 'Jana Gana Mana' and Bangladesh's national anthem 'Amar Sonar Bangla' are the compositions of Gurudev.

Subrahmanyam Chandrasekhar was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in the year 1930 for his outstanding work on the scattering of light.

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