Australia History, Geography, Economy and Important Events

Australians have lived on the continent for almost 65,000 years. Before the first arrival of Dutch explorers in the early 17th century, who named it New Holland. But he did not make any attempt to establish it. In 1770, James Cook took a full voyage and drew a map of the east coast of Australia, which he named New-South Wales. In 1770, the eastern half of Australia was claimed by Great Britain. On 1 January 1901, a federation of colonies was acquired after a decade of planning, consultation and voting. After the 1907 Imperial Conference, Australia and other self-governing British colonies were granted "dominion" status within the British Empire.

Surrounded by the Indian and Pacific Oceans, Australia is separated from Asia by the Arafura and Timor Seas, the Coral Sea is off the Queensland coast, and the Tasman Sea lies between Australia and New Zealand. Australia, the world's smallest continent and sixth largest country by total area, - due to its size and isolation - is often called the "island continent". Australia has 34,218 kilometers of coastal area (excluding all offshore islands). This Special Economic Zone does not include the Australian Antarctic Region. With tropical rainforests in the north-east, mountain ranges in the southeast, in the south-west and east, and deserts in the center, the shape of Australia gives it a wide variety of landscapes. The terrain of the Top End and Gulf Country — with its tropical climate — includes forests, woodland, wetland, grasslands, rainforests, and deserts. Australia's climate is strongly influenced by ocean currents.

The Australian Dollar is the currency of the Australian Commonwealth, comprising Krrishmus Island, Cocos (Killing) Island and Norfolk Island as well as the Pacific island states of Kiribati, Nauru and Tuvalu. The Australian Securities Exchange and Sydney Futures Exchange are Australia's large stock markets. According to the Index of Economic Freedom, Australia is a nomadic capitalist economy. Australia's GDP per capita is slightly higher than Britain, Germany and France in terms of purchasing power parity. All major cities in Australia performed well in comparative surveys of life efficiency; Australia's payments are balanced which is negative at over 7% of GDP and Australia has grown at an average rate of 3.6% over 15 years, with OECD having an annual average of 2.5% over a period.

The national language of Australia is English. Australian is a predominant type of English language with its own special pronunciation qualities and vocabulary (in which some have found their way to English), but less in internal dialect variation from American or British English (small regional pronunciation and lexical variation Except). Grammar and spelling are mainly based on British English. According to the 2001 census, English is spoken only by about 80% of the country's population. The second common language spoken in the home is Chinese (2.1%), Italian (1.9%) and Greek (1.4%). A significant proportion of first and second generation migrants are bilingual.

East Timor [M] , France [M] , Indonesia [M] , New Zealand [M] , Papua New Guinea [M] , Solomon Islands [M] ,
Definition of international border: L = Land Border | M = Maritime Border