Telangana History, Geography, Economy, Polity and Districts

Through this chapter, we will know the detailed and important information of Telangana, in which important and interesting information like history, geography, economy, education, culture and world famous tourist places located in the state have been added. Apart from this, the recent developments and changes in the state of Telangana have also been explained in detail. This chapter is full of interesting facts for the competitive aspirants as well as the readers.

Quick General Knowledge

State Level	State
Capital	Hyderabad
Statehood	2 June 2014
Largest City	Hyderabad
Total Area	1,12,077 sq km
Districts	31
Current Chief Minister	K. Chandrasekhar Rao
Current Governor	Tamilisai Soundararaja
State Bird	Palapitta (Indian Roller
State Flower	Ranawara
State Animal	Deer
State Tree	Jammi Chettu
Languages	Telugu
State Dance	Perini Shivatandavam and Keisabadi

Telangana (तेलंगाना)

Telangana is the 29th state of India located in the northwestern part. Hyderabad has been declared as the joint capital of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, but the proposed capital is Amravati. The largest city of the state is Hyderabad.

Telangana History

The name Telangana is derived from the word Telugu Angana which means the place where Telugu is spoken. Telangana was originally part of the Nizam's Hyderabad princely state. In 1948, India abolished the princely state of Nizam and the Hyderabad state was formed. Telangana, which was part of Hyderabad in 1956, was merged with the newly formed Andhra Pradesh. Parts of Nizam's rule were merged with Karnataka and Maharashtra. Andhra Pradesh was the first state to be formed on the basis of language.

On 29 November 2009, the ruling Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS) under the leadership of Chandrashekhar Rao called for the formation of Telangana, starting an indefinite hunger strike. For which the then government formed a 5-member committee headed by former judge Shri Krishna in the year 2010, which submitted its report to the central government on 30 December 2010. On 05 December 2013, the Cabinet approved the draft bill prepared by the GoM. On 18 February 2014, the Telangana Bill was passed by the Lok Sabha and two days later it was also approved by the Rajya Sabha. Finally, the Government of India announced to make Telangana a new state on 04 March 2014 and Telangana became the 29th state of the country on 02 June 2014.

Telangana Geography

The word 'Telangana' means 'the land of Telugu speakers'. Telangana has an area of 114,840 km किमी. The state is situated to the north and northwest of Maharashtra, Karnataka to the west, Chhattisgarh to the north-east and Orissa to the east. The major rivers of Telangana are Musi, Krishna, Manjira and Godavari. The state tree of Telangana is 'Khejdi (Jummy)'. The state animal of Telangana is 'deer'. The state bird of Telangana is the 'Indian Roller'. The state flower of Telangana is 'Tangedu'.

Telangana Climate

The state of Telangana came into existence as the 29th state of India, separated from the state of Andhra Pradesh. Like Andhra Pradesh, the climate of this state is hot and dry.

Telangana Politics and Government

Telangana like other states of India also has a parliamentary system. Telangana has 119 seats in the assembly and 17 seats in the Lok Sabha. There are 40 members of the Legislative Council in the state. The major political parties of the state are the ruling Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS), the Telugu Desam Party (TDP) and the Indian National Congress.

The current Chief Minister of Telangana is Chandrashekhar Rao. He was sworn in as the Chief Minister of the state on 02 June 2014. The first person to become the Chief Minister of Telangana is Chandrashekhar Rao.

The current Governor of Telangana is Tamilisai Soundararajan. Tamilisai Soundararajan is sworn in as the Governor of Telangana on 8 September 2019.

Telangana Economy

The gross state domestic product (GSDP) of Telangana in the financial year 2012-13 was Rs 1,96,182 crore. Nagarjuna Sagar Dam and Godavari River Valley Irrigation Projects are multi-state irrigation projects of the state. Telangana is among the top exporting states in the country in terms of information technology and biotechnology. Telangana is considered a mineral rich state due to the coal reserves present in Singareni Collieries.

Telangana Agriculture

Agriculture is one of the most important regions of Telangana. Locally, cotton, mango and tobacco crops are grown here. The state of Telangana ranks first in the production of turmeric.

Telangana Minerals: The state mainly consists of natural minerals like limestone, cement, bauxite and mica.

Major Industries of Telangana (Telangana Industry): Spices, mines and minerals, textiles, medicine, horticulture are the major industries of the state.

Telangana Education System

According to the 2011 census, Telangana has a literacy rate of 66.50%. There are many higher education institutions and universities in the state apart from many government and private schools. State schools are affiliated to the Central Board of Secondary Education, ICSE or the State Board. The University of Hyderabad, IIIT, Hyderabad and the National Institute of Technology of Warangal are some of the premier educational institutions in the state.

Telangana Industries

Natural minerals like limestone, cement, bauxite and mica are mainly found in the state. Major Industries of Telangana Spices, Mines and Minerals, Textiles, Medicine, Horticulture are the major industries of the state.

Telangana Population

According to the 2011 census, the population of this region is 3,52,86,757 which is 41.6 percent of the population of Andhra Pradesh. The population of males and females is 1,77,04,078 and 2,46,48,731 respectively. Telangana has a population of 84% Hindus, 12.4% Muslims and 3.2% Sikhs, Christians and followers of other religions.

Telangana Traditional Dresses

Women generally wear saris, churidars, and langa voni. The most famous saris of Telangana culture and tradition include Gadwal Sari, Pochampally Silk Sari, and Ikat Sari. However, many women wear western clothes as well. Traditional dress for men folk in Telangana includes the Dhoti, otherwise known as pancha.

Telangana Culture

Most of the population of Telangana speak Telugu. Urdu is also widely spoken in some parts of the state. The culture of the state is influenced by Persian customs that have come from the Nizams and the Mughal period.

Telangana Offical Languages

The official language of Telangana is Telugu. The Telugu language includes words from other languages such as Urdu, Sanskrit and English. Before 1948, Urdu was the official language of Hyderabad, but later it became an official language when Hyderabad joined the Republic of India. Telugu is also the medium of instruction in schools and colleges in the state.

Telangana Cuisines

Like other states of the country, the food and drink of Telangana has its own special feature. Rice is the staple food of Telugu food and is usually eaten with a variety of lentils and lentils or broth. The main dishes of the state are Sarva Pindi, Madugulu, Chakunalu Skinlu, Charu, Pulusu, Pesa Rattu, Oorgaya Pickle, Appadam (Papad), Gongura Chana Dal, Bachali Kura, Telangana Sakinalu, Idli, Vada, Upma and Dosa.

Telangana Festivals

Like other Indian states, people of all religions meet and celebrate their 2 festivals with great pomp. In Telangana, Diwali, Sri Ramnavami, Ganesh Chaturthi, Mahashivratri, Bakrid, Eid-ul-Fitr Bataukamma and Lashkar Bonalu festivals are mainly celebrated here.

Telangana Tribes

Lambadas are a Scheduled Tribe that resides throughout the state of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. They are also known as Sugalis and Banjara. Many new schemes like Kalyan Lakshmi have been planned by the Tribal Welfare Department for financial assistance to Scheduled Tribe girls of marriageable age.

Telangana Tourist Places

There are many famous tourist places in Telangana. The main tourist destinations of Telangana are Charminar, Golconda Fort, Falaknuma Palace, Ramoji Film City, Chaumahal Palace, Salarjung Museum, Snow World, Hussain Sagar, Nehru Zoological Park, Lumbini Park, Mecca Masjid, Cubab Royal Tomb, Anantagiri Hills, Birla Temple , Kuntala waterfall, inaccessible Cheruv, Warangal Fort and Nizam Museum etc.

Telangana Districts

There are total 10 districts in the state which are as follows: - Adilabad, Karimnagar, Khammam, Nalgonda, Nizamabad, Mahbubnagar, Medak, Rangareddy, Warangal, and Hyderabad.

Telangana Developments

The tertiary sector has been the largest sector, growing at a CAGR of 13.16% (in rupee terms) between 2011-12 and 2020-21, accounting for a 60.35% share of the overall GDP.
Telangana's Gross State Domestic Product (GDP) expanded at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 11.10% (in Rupee terms) to reach Rs. 9.78 trillion between 2015-16 and 2020-21.
As of May 2021, the total installed power capacity in Telangana was 17,224.85 MW. Of this, 8493.6 MW was contributed by state utilities, 6,555.05 MW (private utilities), and 2,176.15 MW (central utilities).
As of May 2021, thermal power was the largest contributor to the state’s total installed capacity with 10,211.19 MW, followed by hydropower (2,479.93 MW), renewable energy (4,385.00 MW) and nuclear power (148.73 MW).
Hyderabad is emerging as a hotspot in the data center space and the city’s inventory is set to grow three times by 2023, with 66 MW capacity addition. Of the 66 MW capacity addition to happen by 2023, about 8 MW capacity is expected to be added in 2021, followed by 29 MW capacity each in 2022 and 2023.
Hyderabad also accounts for approximately 20% of India's total pharma export. As a pharma and life sciences hub of the world, Hyderabad is poised to grow to a US$ 100 billion business generator by 2030, up from US$ 13 billion (2020), as per projections made in the Life Sciences report of the Telangana government.