Brazil History, Geography, Economy and Important Events

Before the explorer Pedro Alvares Cabral landed in the 1500s, Brazil was inhabited by a number of tribal countries that claimed territory for the Portuguese Empire. Brazil remained a Portuguese colony until 1808 when the capital of the empire was transferred from Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro. In 1815, the colony was elevated to the rank of state upon the formation of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and the Elgarves. With the creation of the Brazilian Empire in 1822, a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system was obtained.

The ratification of the first constitution in 1824 led to the formation of a bicameral legislature, now called the National Congress. After the military coup in 1889, the country became a presidential republic. An authoritarian military junta came to power in 1964 and ruled until 1985, after which civilian rule resumed. The current constitution of Brazil drafted in 1988 defines it as a democratic federal republic. Due to its rich culture and history, the country is ranked thirteenth in the world by the number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

• Brazil is officially called the Federal Republic of Brazil, a country located on the continent of South America.
• Brazil is bordered by Iraq to the north and west, and Saudi Arabia to the north.
• Brazil gained independence from the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarve on 07 September 1822.
• The total area of ​​Brazil is 8,515,767 sq km. (3,287,956 square miles).
• Brazil is the fifth largest in the world by area and sixth largest in the world by population.
• The official language of Brazil is Portuguese.
• The currency of Brazil is named real.
• According to the World Bank, the total population of Brazil in 2016 was 20.77 crores.
• Brazil has the largest population of Catholics in the world at 73.6% of the population.
• Brazil is the largest producer of coffee in the world for the last 150 years.
• Brazil is the only country in the world that has a tropical climate of the equator and the Tropic of Capricorn.
• Brazil also has a system of democratic federal republic with presidential system.
• The highest point in Brazil is Pico da Neblina, which is 9,823 feet (2,994 m) high.
• Brazil is the largest Lusophone (Portuguese speaking) nation in the world.
• Brazil is the world's largest market for crack cocaine.

• 22 April 1500 - Portuguese sailor Pedro वेयरlvare Cabral discovered Brazil.
• 22 April 1500 - Portuguese explorers Pedro V Letson Kabral and his crew people came to Brazil today and claimed land for Portugal.
• 26 January 1500 - Spanish navigator, explorer, and conquistador Vicente YáñezPinzón reached the north coast of what today is Brazil.
• 29 March 1549 - The foundation of Salvador de Bahia, the first capital of Brazil, was laid.
• 25 January 1554 - The city of São Paulo was established in Brazil.
• 25 January 1554 - Jesuit missionaries José de Anchieta and Manoel da Nóbrega established a mission at São Paulo dos Campos de Piratininga, which grew to become São Paulo, Brazil.
• 26 April 1654 - Jews were expelled from Brazil.
• 22 July 1729 - Diamonds were found in a Brazilian Minas garage.
• 13 January 1750 - The Treaty of Madrid between Spain and Portugal authorized a larger Brazil than the Treaty of Turdicillus of 1494, which originally established the boundaries of the Portuguese and Spanish territories of South America.
• 29 November 1807 - The Portuguese Queen María and Court are bound for Brazil on Lisbon, Rio de Janeiro became the Portuguese capital.